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Section 12.15 / 12.16

Lights & Pneumatic

External/internal lighting and anti-collision lighting, plus bleed-air/vacuum services and leak detection.

Notes

Lights & pneumatic, summary notes

Main ideas
  • External LIGHTS (ATA 33): navigation lights are RED on the LEFT (port), GREEN on the RIGHT (starboard) and WHITE at the tail; plus red anti-collision beacons and white strobes, landing/search lights and often a hover/search light. Internal lights cover cockpit, cabin and emergency lighting.
  • Anti-collision lighting is especially important for a helicopter's low-level, hovering operations near obstacles and other traffic.
  • PNEUMATIC/vacuum (ATA 36): bleed air is tapped from the engine compressor for services such as heating, engine starting (air-turbine starter on some turbine helicopters) and anti-ice; a bleed-air leak is detected by overheat sensing.
  • Some helicopters use engine-driven vacuum pumps to drive air-driven gyro instruments.
  • Bleed air and vacuum are regulated and filtered before use.
  • ⚠ Exam trap: navigation lights are RED left / GREEN right / WHITE tail; pneumatic (bleed) air comes from the engine COMPRESSOR and a bleed-air leak is found by overheat sensing loops.
Solved examples
  1. At night you see a helicopter showing a red light on its left side and green on its right, facing you. Are the light rules the same as for an aeroplane?

    Yes, the navigation-light convention is identical: red on the port (left) wingtip/side, green on the starboard (right) side, and white at the tail. Seeing red-left and green-right means it is facing towards you. Helicopters add particularly prominent anti-collision beacons and strobes because of their low-level, hovering operations near obstacles.

Mind map

Lights & pneumatic concept map

Lights & Pneumatic

Quiz

Lights & pneumatic quiz

Lights & Pneumatic, quiz

Ref 12.15 / 12.168 of 12Pass 75%
  1. 1. The navigation light on the LEFT (port) side is

    Red
    Green
    White
  2. 2. The navigation light on the RIGHT (starboard) side is

    Green
    Red
    Blue
  3. 3. Anti-collision lighting is especially important on helicopters because of their

    Low-level, hovering operations near obstacles
    High-altitude cruise
    Long range
  4. 4. Pneumatic (bleed) air is tapped from the

    Engine compressor
    Exhaust
    Fuel tank
  5. 5. A bleed-air leak is detected by

    Overheat sensing loops
    Smoke detectors
    Fuel gauges
  6. 6. Some turbine helicopters use bleed/APU air for

    Engine starting (air-turbine starter)
    Charging the battery
    Measuring airspeed
  7. 7. Older/light helicopters may use a vacuum system to drive

    Air-driven gyro instruments
    The rotor
    The fuel pump
  8. 8. Bleed air is regulated for

    Pressure and temperature before use
    Colour and smell
    Frequency