Thermodynamics
Temperature and temperature scales — the Cat A thermodynamics scope.
Thermodynamics (Cat A) — summary notes
- Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is — the average kinetic energy of its particles. Heat is energy that flows from a hotter body to a colder one.
- Three scales are used: Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F) and Kelvin (K). Kelvin is the absolute scale, starting at absolute zero (−273°C), where particle motion stops.
- Heat always flows from hot to cold, never the other way on its own.
- Celsius to Kelvin
- K = °C + 273
- Celsius to Fahrenheit
- °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32
Convert 27°C to kelvin.
K = °C + 273 = 27 + 273 = 300 K.
Convert 100°C to Fahrenheit.
°F = (100 × 9/5) + 32 = 180 + 32 = 212°F — the boiling point of water.
Thermodynamics concept map
Thermodynamics
Temperature quiz
Temperature (Cat A)
1. Temperature is a measure of:
2. The SI unit of temperature is the:
3. At sea level, water freezes at:
4. At sea level, water boils at:
5. On the Fahrenheit scale, water freezes at:
6. On the Fahrenheit scale, water boils at:
7. Absolute zero is approximately:
8. 0 °C expressed in kelvin is:
9. 100 °C expressed in kelvin is:
10. To convert °C to K you:
11. To convert K to °C you:
12. 25 °C expressed in kelvin is:
13. The Kelvin scale starts at:
14. A device used to measure temperature is a:
15. Between the freezing and boiling of water, the Celsius scale has: