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Section 7.5

Engineering Drawings, Diagrams & Standards

Drawing types, symbols and tolerances; first- and third-angle projection and the title block; the ATA Specification 100 chapter system; AN, MS, NAS and ISO standards.

Notes

Engineering drawings, summary notes

Main ideas
  • Drawings communicate shape, size and tolerance through orthographic views. The two conventions for arranging those views are first-angle and third-angle projection.
  • In THIRD-angle projection each view sits on the same side as the face it represents, right-hand view to the right, top view above. In FIRST-angle projection the views sit on the opposite side, right-hand view to the left, top view below.
  • The projection in use is shown by the truncated-cone symbol in the title block. Misreading it inverts the interpretation of every view, so it is checked before any work.
  • The title block also carries the drawing number, issue/revision status, scale and units, the issue must be confirmed current before the drawing is worked to.
  • ATA Specification 100 numbers technical documentation by system in a chapter-section-subject format: Chapter 24 Electrical Power, 27 Flight Controls, 28 Fuel, 32 Landing Gear. It lets any manufacturer's manuals be navigated consistently.
  • Common standards seen on parts and drawings: AN (Air Force-Navy), MS (Military Standard), NAS (National Aerospace Standard), MIL and ISO.
  • Diagram types: block (functional overview), schematic (how it works, not physical layout), wiring (actual connections and wire numbers), and pictorial or exploded views for assembly.
  • ⚠ Exam trap: third angle = same side, first angle = opposite side. A schematic shows FUNCTION, not physical position.
Key formulas
Third-angle
view placed on the SAME side as the face it represents
First-angle
view placed on the OPPOSITE side
ATA 100
chapter · section · subject, e.g. 32-41-00
Solved examples
  1. A drawing shows the right-hand view positioned to the left of the front view. Which projection is in use?

    First-angle. The views are placed on the side opposite the face they represent, the truncated-cone symbol in the title block will confirm it.

  2. Which ATA chapter covers the landing gear, and what does the rest of a reference like 32-41-00 mean?

    Chapter 32 is Landing Gear. The second pair is the section (41, wheels and brakes within that chapter) and the third the subject, giving a unique, type-independent address for the topic.

Mind map

Engineering drawings concept map

Drawings & Standards

Quiz

Engineering drawings quiz

Engineering Drawings & Standards, quiz

Ref 7.5Pass 75%
  1. 1. In third-angle projection each view is placed:

    On the same side as the face it represents
    On the opposite side
    Always below the front view
  2. 2. The projection in use is identified by:

    A truncated-cone symbol in the title block
    The paper size
    The title block colour
  3. 3. ATA Specification 100 organises documentation by:

    Chapter and system numbering
    Alphabetical part name
    Supplier code
  4. 4. ATA Chapter 32 covers:

    Landing gear
    Electrical power
    Fuel
  5. 5. ATA Chapter 24 covers:

    Electrical power
    Flight controls
    Landing gear
  6. 6. A schematic diagram shows:

    How the system functions, not its physical layout
    The exact physical position of every part
    Only the wire numbers
  7. 7. A wiring diagram gives:

    Actual connections and wire identification
    A functional overview only
    Structural dimensions
  8. 8. Before working to a drawing you must confirm:

    Its issue or revision status is current
    The draughtsman's name
    The paper size
  9. 9. In first-angle projection the right-hand view appears:

    To the left of the front view
    To the right of the front view
    Above the front view
  10. 10. AN, MS and NAS on a drawing are:

    Part and material standards
    ATA chapters
    Projection symbols